Interannual and seasonal variability of the diversity and structure of ichthyoplankton assemblages in the central Mexican Pacific (Fisheries Oceanography)

18/04/08 ,

Franco-Gordo C., E. Godínez-Domínguez, E. Suárez-Morales & J. Freire (2008). Interannual and seasonal variability of the diversity and structure of ichthyoplankton assemblages in the central Mexican Pacific. Fisheries Oceanography 17 (3):178-190. PDF (333KB)

Abstract

We examined larval fish diversity and assemblage structure off the central coast of the Mexican Pacific from December 1995 through December 1998, including the 1997–98 El Niño event. A total of 132 taxa were recorded, the dominant species being Bregmaceros bathymaster, Dormitator latifrons, and Harengula thrissina (90, 1.9, and 0.8% of the total abundance, respectively). Only B. bathymaster, D. latifrons, and Gobionellus sp. occurred in all samples. The effects of the 1997–98 El Niño on ichthyoplankton diversity were significant, but typical seasonal patterns were also detected. Diversity null models were used to determine the structural changes in the assemblage related to El Niño; both richness and evenness of the species were highest during this event. The most parsimonious models of assemblage organization include El Niño and seasonality as the most significant environmental variability sources. The small-scale spatial variability expressed as the cross-shore gradient was not significant. The dominant species group formed by B. bathymaster, D. latifrons, and Vinciguerria lucetia typifies, in terms of similarity, both the pre-El Niño and El Niño periods; abundance differed between periods. The El Niño period was characterized locally by the dominant Bentosema panamense and H. thrissina, by the rare Euthynnus lineatus, and species of Lutjanus. Seasonality produced changes also in the relative frequencies of the dominant species plus the occurrence of rare forms. The average taxonomical distinctness, considered herein as an indicator of functional diversity, reflected the seasonal variability of the assemblages, aside from El Niño; this index showed lowest values during tropical and transitional periods, both characterized by warm, oligotrophic waters. The high dominance of B. bathymaster in the area and its effect on diversity stabilized the local ichthyoplankton assemblage. An upgraded analysis of diversity allowed a more detailed description of the variability in this assemblage, thus stressing the differential effects of El Niño at distinct latitudes.

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